scale

英 [skeɪl]

美 [skeɪl]

n.  (尤指与其他事物相比较时的)规模，范围，程度; 等级; 级别; 等级体系
v.  攀登; 到达…顶点; 去鳞; 刮除牙石

复数：scales　过去分词：scaled　现在分词：scaling　过去式：scaled　第三人称单数：scales　

CET4CET6考研TOEFLIELTSGRETEM4TEM8BEC计算机

Oxford 3000 / Collins.4 / BNC.1115 / COCA.1223

短语动词

短语用例

scale sth↔down

• 减少（数量）；缩小（规模或范围）
  to reduce the number, size or extent of sth

scale sth↔up

• 增大，扩大（规模或数量）
  to increase the size or number of sth

习惯用语

n.

tip the balance/scales
• 使天平倾斜；使结果倾向某方；起决定性作用
  to affect the result of sth in one way rather than another
• In an interview, smart presentation can tip the scales in your favour.
  在面试中，机敏的表现是一种有利的条件。

牛津词典

noun

规模 size
• （尤指与其他事物相比较时的）规模，范围，程度
  the size or extent of sth, especially when compared with sth else
  1. They entertain on a large scale (= they hold expensive parties with a lot of guests) .
     他们大宴宾客。
  2. Here was corruption on a grand scale .
     这里的腐败现象曾十分严重。
  3. On a global scale, 77% of energy is created from fossil fuels.
     全球77%的能量产生自化石燃料。
  4. to achieve economies of scale in production (= to produce many items so the cost of producing each one is reduced)
     实现规模生产
  5. It was impossible to comprehend the full scale of the disaster.
     这场灾难的深重程度是无法充分认识的。
  6. It was not until morning that the sheer scale of the damage could be seen (= how great it was) .
     直到早晨才看清了损害的严重程度。
等级 range of levels
• 等级；级别
  a range of levels or numbers used for measuring sth
  1. a five-point pay scale
     五分制工资等级
  2. to evaluate performance on a scale from 1 to 10
     按1到10级来评估业绩
• 等级体系
  the set of all the different levels of sth, from the lowest to the highest
  1. At the other end of the scale , life is a constant struggle to get enough to eat.
     对于处在社会最底层的人来说，生活就是为吃饱肚子而不断挣扎的过程。
  2. the social scale
     社会等级体系
衡量标度 marks for measuring
• 标度；刻度
  a series of marks at regular intervals on an instrument that is used for measuring
  1. How much does it read on the scale?
     刻度显示的是多少？
衡器 weighing instrument
• 秤；磅秤；天平
  an instrument for weighing people or things
  1. bathroom/kitchen/weighing scales
     浴室磅秤；厨房用秤；秤
  2. the scales of justice (= represented as the two pans on a balance 5 )
     法律公正的天平
地图；图表；模型 of map/diagram/model
• 比例；比例尺
  the relation between the actual size of sth and its size on a map, diagram or model that represents it
  1. a scale of 1:25 000
     1：25 000的比例
  2. a scale model/drawing
     按比例缩放的模型 / 图画
  3. Both plans are drawn to the same scale.
     两张平面图是按同一比例绘制的。
  4. Is this diagram to scale (= are all its parts the same size and shape in relation to each other as they are in the thing represented) ?
     这个示意图是按比例画的吗？
音乐 in music
• 音阶
  a series of musical notes moving upwards or downwards, with fixed intervals between each note, especially a series of eight starting on a particular note
  1. the scale of C major
     C大调音阶
  2. to practise scales on the piano
     在钢琴上练习音阶
鱼；爬行动物 of fish/reptile
• 鳞；鳞片
  any of the thin plates of hard material that cover the skin of many fish and reptiles
水管等 in water pipes, etc.
• 水垢；水锈
  a hard greyish-white substance that is sometimes left inside water pipes and containers for heating water
牙齿 on teeth
• 牙垢；牙石
  a hard substance that forms on teeth, especially when they are not cleaned regularly

verb

攀登 climb
• 攀登；到达…顶点
  to climb to the top of sth very high and steep
  1. the first woman to scale the world's five highest peaks
     第一位登上世界五大高峰的女性
  2. He has scaled the heights of his profession.
     他登上了他事业的顶峰。
鱼 fish
• 去鳞
  to remove the small flat hard pieces of skin from a fish
牙齿 teeth
• 刮除牙石
  to remove tartar from the teeth by scraping
  1. The dentist scaled and polished my teeth.
     牙医为我刮除牙石，抛光了牙齿。
改变大小 change size
• 改变…的大小
  to change the size of sth
  1. Text can be scaled from 4 points to 108 points without any loss of quality.
     正文可以从4点变到108点，但印刷质量丝毫不会降低。

柯林斯词典

• See also:However, he underestimates the scale of the problem...You may feel dwarfed by the sheer scale of the place...The breakdown of law and order could result in killing on a massive scale...The British aid programme is small in scale.full-scalelarge-scalesmall-scale
• See also:...an earthquake measuring five-point-five on the Richter scale...The patient rates the therapies on a scale of zero to ten...The higher up the social scale they are, the more the men have to lose.sliding scaletimescale
• N-COUNT (根据年龄、工种等核定的工资或费用)级别,标准
  A payscaleorscale offees is a list that shows how much someone should be paid, depending, for example, on their age or what work they do.
  1. ...those on the high end of the pay scale...
     工资级别最高的人
  2. A Registered Osteopath will be pleased to tell you his scale of fees before you decide on a consultation.
     在病人决定是否就诊之前，注册整骨医师会很乐意告知其收费标准。
• See also:The map, on a scale of 1:10,000, shows over 5,000 individual paths.full-scalelarge-scale
• ADJ (模型或复制品)按比例缩小的
  Ascalemodel orscalereplica of a building or object is a model of it which is smaller than the real thing but has all the same parts and features.
  1. Franklin made his mother an intricately detailed scale model of the house.
     富兰克林为他的母亲制作了一个复杂精细的房屋模型。
• N-COUNT 音阶
  In music, ascaleis a fixed sequence of musical notes, each one higher than the next, which begins at a particular note.
  1. ...the scale of C major.
     C 大调音阶
• 鱼鳞;(爬行动物的)鳞片
  Thescalesof a fish or reptile are the small, flat pieces of hard skin that cover its body.
• N-PLURAL 天平;秤;磅秤
  Scalesare a piece of equipment used for weighing things, for example for weighing amounts of food that you need in order to make a particular meal.
  1. ...a pair of kitchen scales.
     一台厨房秤
  2. ...bathroom scales...
     浴室体重秤
  3. I step on the scales practically every morning.
     我几乎每天早上都称一下体重。
• VERB 爬越;攀登;翻过
  If youscalesomething such as a mountain or a wall, you climb up it or over it.
  1. In 1981, five members of a climbing party died while scaling Mount Hood.
     1981 年，一支登山队的5名队员在攀登胡德峰时遇难。
  2. The men scaled a wall and climbed down scaffolding on the other side.
     那些男人攀上一堵墙然后顺着另一侧的脚手架爬了下去。
• PHRASE 与…不成比例;和…不相称
  If something isout of scale withthe things near it, it is too big or too small in relation to them.
  1. The tower was surmounted by an enormous statue, utterly out of scale with the building.
     那座塔的顶部矗立着一尊巨型雕像，与整个建筑完全不成比例。
• PHRASE 按比例
  If the different parts of a map, drawing, or model areto scale, they are the right size in relation to each other.
  1. ...a miniature garden, with little pagodas and bridges all to scale.
     内有全部按比例建造的小塔和小桥的微缩花园

英英释义

noun

• a flattened rigid plate forming part of the body covering of many animals
• a metal sheathing of uniform thickness (such as the shield attached to an artillery piece to protect the gunners)
  Synonym:plateshell
• an indicator having a graduated sequence of marks
• a measuring instrument for weighing
  Synonym:weighing machine
• (music) a series of notes differing in pitch according to a specific scheme (usually within an octave)
  Synonym:musical scale
• a thin flake of dead epidermis shed from the surface of the skin
  Synonym:scurfexfoliation
• a specialized leaf or bract that protects a bud or catkin
  Synonym:scale leaf
• relative magnitude
  1. they entertained on a grand scale
• the ratio between the size of something and a representation of it
  1. the scale of the map
  2. the scale of the model
• an ordered reference standard
  1. judging on a scale of 1 to 10
  Synonym:scale of measurementgraduated tableordered series

verb

• size or measure according to a scale
  1. This model must be scaled down
• measure with or as if with scales
  1. scale the gold
• remove the scales from
  1. scale fish
  Synonym:descale
• pattern, make, regulate, set, measure, or estimate according to some rate or standard
• climb up by means of a ladder
• reach the highest point of
  1. We scaled the Mont Blanc
  Synonym:surmount
• take by attacking with scaling ladders
  1. The troops scaled the walls of the fort
• measure by or as if by a scale
  1. This bike scales only 25 pounds

双语例句

• Car firms are desperate to achieve economies of scale.
  汽车厂商拼命想要实现规模经济。
• At the other end of the social scale was the grocer, the village's only merchant
  社会等级的另一端是杂货店老板，村里唯一的商人。
• An earthquake measuring 6.1 on the Richter Scale struck California yesterday.
  昨天加利福尼亚发生了里氏6.1级地震。
• On a global scale, AIDS may well become the leading cause of infant death.
  艾滋病很可能会成为造成全球婴儿死亡的首要原因。
• European music happens to use a scale of eight notes, hence the use of the term octave
  欧洲音乐凑巧采用了八音音阶，“八度”一词就由此而来。
• You may feel dwarfed by the sheer scale of the place
  看到此处气势如此恢宏，你可能会觉得自己很渺小。
• The scale of the map is 1: 460000.
  这张地图的比例尺是四十六万分之一。
• The British aid programme is small in scale.
  英国的援助项目规模不大。
• Many practitioners have a sliding scale of fees.
  许多从业者都采用浮动制计费。
• The crisis faced over the next few months is of an entirely different scale
  接下来几个月内将要面临的危机规模将是无法相比的。