toll

英 [təʊl]

美 [toʊl]

n.  (道路、桥梁的)通行费; (战争、灾难等造成的)毁坏; 伤亡人数; (缓慢而有规律的)钟声
v.  (缓慢而有规律地)敲(钟); (尤指)鸣(丧钟)

复数：tolls　过去式：tolled　现在分词：tolling　第三人称单数：tolls　过去分词：tolled　

考研TOEFLIELTSGRETEM8

Collins.2 / BNC.6043 / COCA.4599

习惯用语

n.

take a heavy toll (on sb/sth)take its toll (on sb/sth)
• 产生恶果；造成重大损失（或伤亡、灾难等）
  to have a bad effect on sb/sth; to cause a lot of damage, deaths, suffering, etc.
• Illness had taken a heavy toll on her.
  疾病对她的身体造成极大的损害。
• The recession is taking its toll on the housing markets.
  经济衰退使住房市场遭受着重大损失。

牛津词典

noun

• （道路、桥梁的）通行费
  money that you pay to use a particular road or bridge
  1. motorway tolls
     高速公路通行费
  2. a toll road/bridge
     收费道路 / 桥梁
• （战争、灾难等造成的）毁坏；伤亡人数
  the amount of damage or the number of deaths and injuries that are caused in a particular war, disaster, etc.
  1. The official death toll has now reached 7 000.
     官方公布的死亡人数现已达7 000人。
  2. the war's growing casualty toll
     不断增长的战争伤亡人数
• （缓慢而有规律的）钟声
  the sound of a bell ringing with slow regular strokes
• 长途电话费
  a charge for a telephone call that is calculated at a higher rate than a local call

verb

• （缓慢而有规律地）敲（钟）；（尤指）鸣（丧钟）
  when a bell tolls or sb tolls it, it is rung slowly many times, especially as a sign that sb has died
  1. The Abbey bell tolled for those killed in the war.
     大教堂为战争中的死难者鸣钟。
  2. The bell tolled the hour.
     鸣钟报时。
  3. The revolution tolled the death knell (= signalled the end) for the Russian monarchy.
     那场革命敲响了俄国君主制的丧钟。

柯林斯词典

• V-ERG (缓慢反复地)敲(钟)，鸣(丧钟);(钟)鸣响
  When a belltollsor when someonetollsit, it rings slowly and repeatedly, often as a sign that someone has died.
  1. Church bells tolled and black flags fluttered...
     教堂丧钟敲响，黑色的旗帜飘动。
  2. The pilgrims tolled the bell.
     朝圣者缓缓敲响了钟。
• (桥梁、道路的)通行费
  Atollis a small sum of money that you have to pay in order to use a particular bridge or road.
• (公路、桥梁的)收费
  Atollroad ortollbridge is a road or bridge where you have to pay in order to use it.
• See also:There are fears that the casualty toll may be higher.…the second highest annual murder toll in that city's history.death toll
• PHRASE 造成恶果(或不利影响、痛苦等)
  If you say that somethingtakesitstollortakes a heavy toll, you mean that it has a bad effect or causes a lot of suffering.
  1. Winter takes its toll on your health...
     冬天对健康不利。
  2. Higher fuel prices took their toll.
     燃料提价产生了恶果。
  3. …a high exchange rate took a heavy toll on industry.
     高汇率使工业蒙受了严重损失。

英英释义

noun

• value measured by what must be given or done or undergone to obtain something
  1. the cost in human life was enormous
  2. the price of success is hard work
  3. what price glory?
  Synonym:pricecost
• the sound of a bell being struck
  1. saved by the bell
  2. she heard the distant toll of church bells
  Synonym:bell
• a fee levied for the use of roads or bridges (used for maintenance)

verb

• ring slowly
  1. For whom the bell tolls
• charge a fee for using
  1. Toll the bridges into New York City

双语例句

• That battle took a heavy toll of the Taiping troops for they were attacked front and rear.
  那次战役太平军因腹背受敌，伤亡惨重。
• The strain of a violent ground campaign will exact a toll on troops.
  激烈的地面战役带来的紧张压力将让军队付出代价。
• Tobacco's death toll has accelerated.
  烟草死亡的人数增多了。
• The food, fuel and financial crises, however, have taken a heavy toll.
  粮食，燃料和金融危机，但是，已经采取了沉重的代价。
• Such incidents take a tremendous toll on our nation's economy and our individual well-being.
  这些事件对美国的国家经济和个人福利都造成了巨大损害。
• Official reports put the death toll at under one hundred, but unofficial estimates speak of at least two hundred dead.
  官方报道说死亡人数在100人以下，但非官方估计至少有200人死亡。
• The pilgrims tolled the bell.
  朝圣者缓缓敲响了钟。
• The crisis has taken a toll on quoted and private newspaper groups.
  危机让上市和私人所有的报业集团都付出了代价。
• Collection of this year's road toll has already been started.
  现在已经开始稽征今年的养路费了。
• Winter takes its toll on your health
  冬天对健康不利。